October 2026 Journal of Environmental Health

ADVANCEMENT OF THE SCIENCE

TABLE 1

Study Participant Demographics and Clinic Characteristics

Demographic

Full Sample ( n = 689)

Limited Analytic Sample ( n = 488)

#

%

#

%

Current occupation Physician

188

27.3

143

29.3

Physician assistant

30

4.4

26

5.3

Nurse practitioner

48

7.0

34

7.0

Registered nurse

402

58.3

285

58.4

Other

21

3.0

0

0

How often do you see patients who live in each of the following areas: Urban (≥50,000 people) Never 54

8.3

42

8.9

Rarely

77

11.9

60

12.8

Sometimes

57

8.8

41

8.7

Often

261

40.3

192

40.9

Always

198

30.6

135

28.7

Large rural/suburban (10,000–49,999 people) Never

42

6.6

33

7.1

Rarely

48

7.6

34

7.4

Sometimes

131

20.7

95

20.6

Often

288

45.4

212

45.9

Always

125

19.7

88

19.0

Small rural (≤9,999 people) Never

34

5.3

29

6.2

Rarely

67

10.5

49

10.4

Sometimes

180

28.1

131

27.9

Often

224

35.0

167

35.6

Always

135

21.1

93

19.8

Type of current practice Hospital-based

356

51.7

246

50.4

Clinic-based

244

35.4

182

37.3

Multispecialty clinic

28

4.1

15

3.1

Group practice

36

5.2

20

4.1

None of these descriptions

98

14.2

72

14.8

Number of patients seen in an average week 0

0

0

0

0

1–15

191

27.7

140

28.7

16–30

163

23.7

110

22.5

31–45

109

15.8

74

15.2

46–50

62

9.0

49

10.0

≥51

164

23.8

115

23.6

10

Volume 89 • Number 3

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