TABLE 1
Assessment of Chemical Exposures (ACE) Investigations After Acute Chemical Releases, 2015–2023
Incident
Year
Location
Chemical Agent
# of Participants
Surveillance Instrument
Exposure to indoor use of a prohibited pesticide (Kulkarni et al., 2015) Skin rash after lead contamination in a municipal water system (Unified Coordination Group—Flint, Michigan, 2016) Clinical care follow-up of skin rashes after lead contamination in a municipal water system (Unified Coordination Group—Flint, Michigan, 2016) Explosion of a gas pipeline (Bui et al., 2022) Chemical release onto a roadway during transportation (Rispens et al., 2020) Fire at an industrial chemical facility (Surasi et al., 2021) Contamination of a municipal water source by jet propellant (Miko et al., 2023; Troeschel et al., 2022) Community-level follow up 1 year after an industrial
2015
U.S. Virgin Islands
Methyl bromide used as an indoor pesticide
16 participants
ACE general survey by phone
2015 Flint, Michigan
Lead in a municipal water system
390 participants
ACE general survey by phone, dermatologist exam, and water quality testing done in conjunction with U.S. EPA
2016 Flint, Michigan
Lead in a municipal water system
40 participants
ACE general survey by phone, dermatologist exam, and water quality testing done in conjunction with U.S. EPA
2019 Lincoln County, Kentucky
Natural gas pipeline fire and explosion
120 residents 105 first responders
ACE general survey conducted door-to- door, review of medical records, and first responder survey ACE general survey conducted door-to- door, review of medical records, and first responder survey ACE general and Epi CASE survey modified into a single, electronic, self-administered online survey ACE general and Epi CASE survey modified into a single, electronic, self- administered online survey, as well as in-person, key informant interviews ACE general and Epi CASE survey modified into an electronic, self- administered online follow-up survey, as well as qualitative interviews with residents conducted door-to-door and by phone ACE general and Epi CASE survey modified into a single, electronic, self- administered online survey, as well as use of the Registry Decision Support Tool
2019
Lake County, Illinois
Anhydrous ammonia released onto a roadway during transportation
48 residents 38 first responders
PM 2.5 and PM 5 caused by an industrial fluid and grease fire Jet propellant (JP-5) in a municipal water system
2,030 participants
2021
Winnebago County, Illinois
2021
Oahu, Hawaii
2,289 participants
PM 2.5 and PM 5 caused by an industrial fluid and grease fire
676 participants
2022
Winnebago County, Illinois
chemical facility fire (Sekkarie et al., 2023)
Community-level follow up 6 months after jet fuel contamination of a municipal water source *
2022
Oahu, Hawaii
Jet propellant (JP-5) in a municipal water system
986 participants
Comprehensive review of medical charts
Review of medical charts after jet fuel contamination of a municipal water source*
2023
Oahu, Hawaii
Jet propellant (JP-5) in a municipal water system
653 participants
Train derailment*
2023 East Palestine, Ohio
Release of vinyl chloride and n-butyl acrylate after a train derailment
704 residents 339 first responders
ACE general and Epi CASE survey modified into electronic surveys available online, administered in a health clinic, and conducted door-to-door, as well as an online survey for first responders
* Publication pending. Note. Bold text indicates the first use of that particular surveillance technique during an ACE investigation. Epi CASE = Epidemiologic Contact Assessment Symptom Exposure; PM = particulate matter; U.S. EPA = U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
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November 2023 • our4(l o- 4;0ro4me49(l e(l9/
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