NEHA November 2023 Journal of Environmental Health

TABLE 1

Assessment of Chemical Exposures (ACE) Investigations After Acute Chemical Releases, 2015–2023

Incident

Year

Location

Chemical Agent

# of Participants

Surveillance Instrument

Exposure to indoor use of a prohibited pesticide (Kulkarni et al., 2015) Skin rash after lead contamination in a municipal water system (Unified Coordination Group—Flint, Michigan, 2016) Clinical care follow-up of skin rashes after lead contamination in a municipal water system (Unified Coordination Group—Flint, Michigan, 2016) Explosion of a gas pipeline (Bui et al., 2022) Chemical release onto a roadway during transportation (Rispens et al., 2020) Fire at an industrial chemical facility (Surasi et al., 2021) Contamination of a municipal water source by jet propellant (Miko et al., 2023; Troeschel et al., 2022) Community-level follow up 1 year after an industrial

2015

U.S. Virgin Islands

Methyl bromide used as an indoor pesticide

16 participants

ACE general survey by phone

2015 Flint, Michigan

Lead in a municipal water system

390 participants

ACE general survey by phone, dermatologist exam, and water quality testing done in conjunction with U.S. EPA

2016 Flint, Michigan

Lead in a municipal water system

40 participants

ACE general survey by phone, dermatologist exam, and water quality testing done in conjunction with U.S. EPA

2019 Lincoln County, Kentucky

Natural gas pipeline fire and explosion

120 residents 105 first responders

ACE general survey conducted door-to- door, review of medical records, and first responder survey ACE general survey conducted door-to- door, review of medical records, and first responder survey ACE general and Epi CASE survey modified into a single, electronic, self-administered online survey ACE general and Epi CASE survey modified into a single, electronic, self- administered online survey, as well as in-person, key informant interviews ACE general and Epi CASE survey modified into an electronic, self- administered online follow-up survey, as well as qualitative interviews with residents conducted door-to-door and by phone ACE general and Epi CASE survey modified into a single, electronic, self- administered online survey, as well as use of the Registry Decision Support Tool

2019

Lake County, Illinois

Anhydrous ammonia released onto a roadway during transportation

48 residents 38 first responders

PM 2.5 and PM 5 caused by an industrial fluid and grease fire Jet propellant (JP-5) in a municipal water system

2,030 participants

2021

Winnebago County, Illinois

2021

Oahu, Hawaii

2,289 participants

PM 2.5 and PM 5 caused by an industrial fluid and grease fire

676 participants

2022

Winnebago County, Illinois

chemical facility fire (Sekkarie et al., 2023)

Community-level follow up 6 months after jet fuel contamination of a municipal water source *

2022

Oahu, Hawaii

Jet propellant (JP-5) in a municipal water system

986 participants

Comprehensive review of medical charts

Review of medical charts after jet fuel contamination of a municipal water source*

2023

Oahu, Hawaii

Jet propellant (JP-5) in a municipal water system

653 participants

Train derailment*

2023 East Palestine, Ohio

Release of vinyl chloride and n-butyl acrylate after a train derailment

704 residents 339 first responders

ACE general and Epi CASE survey modified into electronic surveys available online, administered in a health clinic, and conducted door-to-door, as well as an online survey for first responders

* Publication pending. Note. Bold text indicates the first use of that particular surveillance technique during an ACE investigation. Epi CASE = Epidemiologic Contact Assessment Symptom Exposure; PM = particulate matter; U.S. EPA = U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

continued on page 44

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November 2023 • our4(l o- 4;0ro4me49(l e(l9/

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