FIGURE 3
Quadrant Analysis Knowledge Areas for Overall Workforce
4uadrant LoZ E[posure+iJh 5elevance
4uadrant +iJh E[posure+iJh 5elevance
Food Defense Vulnerability Assessment Food Salvage and Disposal Food Systems and Sustainability Food Transportation Integrated Food Safety System
Active Managerial Control Allergens Catering
Incident Command System Ingredients and Additives Inspections, Compliance, and Enforcement Investigations Jurisdiction Labeling Microbiology Pest Control Plan Review and Facility Design Plumbing Prevailing Health Principles Preventive Controls Professional Skills (Soft Skills) Public Relations Retail HACCP and Variance Risk Analysis Science and Technology Specialized Process Standardization Temporary Food Establishments
Communications Skills Continuity of Operations Cottage Foods Employee Safety Environmental Health Safety Epidemiology FDA Food Code , Local Ordinances, Codes Foodborne Illness Investigation and Response Food Defense Food Emergency Food Preparation Techniques Food Processing and Preservation Food Service Grocery Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP)
Sampling Techniques Traceability and Recalls
4uadrant LoZ E[posureLoZ 5elevance
4uadrant +iJh E[posureLoZ 5elevance
Budgets Change Management Formula Review Human Resource Management Imports Laboratory Methodology Legislative Affairs Policymaking Research Design
Resource Leveraging Stakeholder Support Statistical Analysis Vending
Note. FDA = Food and Drug Administration.
This approach yielded clear insights into the areas of knowledge essential for professional roles, which facilitated the evaluation of mis- matches between KA relevance and the level of exposure among individuals. The goal in employing such a strategy was to curtail the tendency of seeking training based on per- sonal preference instead of actual need, a concept underscored by Sleezer et al. (2014). Analyses We calculated the overall mean relevance of all KAs as well as the overall mean exposure
to all KAs. We also calculated mean relevance of and exposure to each of the 59 individual KAs to facilitate comparisons. The means of relevance and exposure for each KA were cal- culated and summarized for comparison. Overall Quadrant Analysis Plotting data onto 4-quadrant graphs has been a useful approach for visual com- parisons of mean data values (Perrino et al., 1994). Quadrant analysis currently is used in many fields due to its ability to graphically represent data, thereby facilitating the identi-
Relevance and Exposure The survey included measures of participant perceptions about the relevance and expo- sure to KAs from the NCS framework (Kaml et al., 2013; Table 1). Participants rated the relevance of each of the 59 KAs to their cur- rent role on a scale from 1 (not at all) to 4 (very relevant). Participants then indicated their level of exposure to each area on a scale from 1 (no exposure) to 4 (strong exposure). Respondents unfamiliar with a KA had the option to choose “I am not familiar with this area” for both relevance and exposure.
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July/August 2024 • Journal of Environmental Health
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