12.4 Reusing cloths and textiles in a BODY ART FACILITY poses an increased risk for cross- contamination. According to CDC (2019a), contaminated textiles and fabrics often contain a high number of microorganisms from bodily substances. There are various disposable options for textiles that can be used in a BODY ART ESTABLISHMENT, such as disposable chair or table covers, disposable facemasks, and disposable pillowcases to cover vinyl pillows and wedges. 12.5 HANDWASHING is the single most important factor in stopping the spread of germs and reducing the risk of infection (CDC, 2000; International Association of Healthcare Central Service Material Management, 2016). Each BODY ART PROCEDURE AREA must be equipped with a sink dedicated exclusively to HANDWASHING. To prevent cross-contamination, HANDWASHING SINKS should not be used for purposes other than HANDWASHING. OSHA’s Bloodborne Pathogens Standard defines HANDWASHING facilities as facilities “providing an adequate supply of running potable water, soap, and single-use towels or air-drying machines” (2012). This Code requires paper towels be used for hand drying, as SINGLE-USE paper towels efficiently dry hands, effectively remove bacteria, and cause less CONTAMINATION of the surrounding washroom environment compared with electric air dryers (Huang et al., 2012). OSHA’s Bloodborne Pathogens Standard (2012) states: 1910.1030(d)(2)(iii) Employers shall provide handwashing facilities which are readily accessible to employees. 1910.1030(d)(2)(vi) Employers shall ensure that employees wash hands and any other skin with soap and water, or flush mucous membranes with water immediately or as soon as feasible following contact of such body areas with blood or other potentially infectious materials (OSHS, 2012). Convenient accessibility of a HANDWASHING SINK encourages timely HANDWASHING and promotes a culture of hand hygiene, which reduces the risk of CONTAMINATION and spread of infection. 12.6 A dedicated STERILIZATION AREA or STERILIZATION ROOM is required to decrease the risk of cross-contamination. CDC infection control guidelines state that PERSONNEL should process all instruments in a designated central processing area to more easily control quality and ensure safety (Kohn et al., 2003). The guidelines state that the section where cleaning and DECONTAMINATION activities occur should be separated from the section where STERILIZATION activities occur by physical barriers (CDC, 2019a; Kohn et al., 2003). 12.7 The water supply should be from a municipal water supply system. If the ESTABLISHMENT uses water supplied from private wells, the water must be tested regularly as defined by the DEPARTMENT. The DEPARTMENT should have a list of licensed laboratories in the jurisdiction that test water for a variety of substances and contaminants. Wastewater should be collected and disposed of into a sanitary sewer or an onsite wastewater treatment system approved by the DEPARTMENT. Developing contingency plans for emergency response to water supply or wastewater disposal disruptions can help prevent an interruption in operation and/or a public health hazard.
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